ABSTRACT
Full-field methods include a number of different techniques optimized for particular measurement application. Probably the oldest and at the same time most often used method is that of fringe projection where a surface form may easily be deduced upon seeing the deformation of straight lines along the contours of its surface. This method continues to be updated incorporating ever better detection and data reduction techniques. We further describe two cases of holographic interferometry: optical and digital one where the technique has been simplified using computer memory and electronic processing. These have evolved into electronic speckle pattern interferometry with three basic optical setups: coaxial, asymmetrical, and symmetrical arrangement. Incredible features of rapid video technology and relatively long detector integration times are allowing fringe formation by video signal subtraction and addition. Many researchers applied it to real-time vibration measurements. Just like in traditional interferometry, this successful technique has been applied in shearing setups for self-referencing, most useful in measurement of small surface displacement, resulting in the blossoming field known as electronic speckle pattern shearing interferometry. These are particularly well suited to the out-of-plane displacements. To measure in-plane displacements, in-plane grid and Moiré methods have been refined. A grid is drawn with one of multiple channels. Moiré Interferometry may be implemented with conventional and photographic moiré patterns. The full-field metrology chapter has been extensively updated. It includes 22 original figures to illustrate the basic concepts. It provides nearly 100 references for further reading on the optical metrology techniques of diffuse objects and their diverse applications. Forty new references have been compiled in this edition
