2-Chloroethyl and 2-Azidoethyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-d-gluco-andβ-d-galactopyranosides

2-Haloethyl glycosides are useful intermediates in the preparation of the corresponding 2-azidoethyl and 2-aminoethyl glycosides. ^1–6 They are often used to generate multivalent displays of glycosides by grafting the azido derivative to alkyne-modified scaffolds by means of Cu-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reactions. ⁷ Carbohydrate conjugation can also be achieved by the reaction of 2-aminoethyl glycosides with carboxylic acids through peptide coupling methodologies. ⁸ Following either of these approaches, the synthesis of many diverse multivalent constructs, including glycoclusters, ³ modified peptides, ⁹ proteins, ¹⁰ and oligonucleotides, ¹¹ liposomes, ² nanotubes, ¹² and glycopolymers, ⁵ to name but a few, have been reported in the literature.