ABSTRACT
Desiccant air-conditioning is a promising emerging technology to supplement electrically driven vapor compression systems that rely almost exclusively on R22 refrigerant that causes depletion of the ozone layer. Dehumidification by vapor compression systems is accomplished by cooling the air below the dew point and then reheating it. The moisture sorption capacity is high; the desiccant is reactivated at relatively low temperatures and is suitable for moderate dehumidification. The desired desiccant properties for optimum dehumidification performance are a suitable isotherm shape and a large moisture sorption capacity. The isotherms of silica gel are almost linear. Vapor compression systems are inefficient below a dew point of 45 to 50°F. When used in supermarkets, they require high airflow rates, the air must be reheated for comfort, and the evaporator coils must be defrosted frequently. Hybrid systems offer improved performance and lower energy cost in these cases.
