ABSTRACT
The combination of redox enzyme catalysts and amperometric electrochemistry is an attractive approach to chemical sensing. The successful development of devices using amperometric enzyme electrochemistry poses a number of problems; including those of the integration of the electrode and the biological components, stability, reproducibility, and interference. To overcome these problems, it is necessary to understand the interplay of mass transport and kinetics in amperometric enzyme electrodes and to develop strategies for the development of such electrodes.
In this paper we discuss some of the different approaches which exist to link the flow of electrons in biological electron transfer reactions to electrodes. These include the use of homogeneous mediators, modified electrodes, organic conducting salt electrodes, and covalent modificiation of the enzyme itself. We also discuss the application of conducting polymers to this problem.
