ABSTRACT
Ceramics consisting of a robust structure and mechanical responses are classified as structural ceramics. In contrast with structural ceramics, functional ceramics deal with the relationship between processing of ceramics, their microstructure, and resulting properties. With consideration to properties and applications, ceramic prototypes are sub-categorized as structural and functional components. The bonding characteristics to attain cutting tool properties are further enhanced by permutation and combination of ceramic materials and their evaluation in terms of both structural and functional applicability. Ceramic prototype development requires an understanding of the fascinating world of materials, processing principles, and the technology involved to achieve the targeted properties. Ceramics are traditionally used to disperse the compressed air in the form of fine bubbles into sewage for the activated sludge biological purification process. Ceramic-based oxygen sensors are commonly used to control air or fuel ratio for automobile exhausts where zirconia is the active material.
