ABSTRACT
Many animal models of human autoimmune disease (AD) have been developed and have contributed to our understanding of human disease and development of medications and therapies. The animal models of AD are classified into two groups: spontaneous and induced models. Spontaneous models develop without intervention, while induced models require induction by immunization with specific tissues or peptides. Before initiating human studies, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), usually from bone marrow-derived hematopoietic stem cells, were explored with different routes of administration as preclinical proof of principle using autologous, pseudoautologous, and allogeneic HSCT.
