ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses all the foodstuffs, fruits and vegetables have perhaps the lowest commercial values—with a few exceptions, such as coffee—and very likely for this reason comparatively little research exists into the authentication of fruits and vegetables. Despite a low unit price, the vast scale of some commodity markets makes the extension of products such as orange juice a temping proposition and many early publications sought to develop methods to detect the adulteration of fruit juices. The chapter focuses on fruits and vegetables at the premium price point of the market, such as basmati rice, coffee, pistachios, and applied stable isotope, elemental, and chemical analysis techniques in attempts to link these characteristics to countries or regions of origin. Most juices have characteristic distributions of glucose, fructose, and sucrose, and these profiles can be used as a basis to detect the addition of sugars or other juices.
