ABSTRACT
Image processing is a type of signal processing with an image as input and output in the form of an image or characteristics/features associated with that image. There are two types of methods used for image processing, namely analog and digital image processing. The objective of image processing is to generate a faithful record of the digital image acquired by air/spaceborne sensors. Digital image processing encompasses three major operations: image restoration or preprocessing, image enhancement and image classification. A remote sensing image may be stored in one of many graphic formats depending upon the image processing system being used, as each image processing system has its own proprietary data format. The image preprocessing typically involves the initial processing of raw image data to correct for geometric distortions, to calibrate the data radiometrically, and to eliminate noise present in the data due to sensor's inconsistent performance and atmospheric effects. Image noise is any unwanted disturbance in image data.
