ABSTRACT
Nanotechnology, which comprehends the understanding of the fundamental physics, chemistry, biology, and technology of nanometre-scale objects, has become one of the most exploited research area during last few decades. Semiconductor nanocrystals are tiny crystalline particles that exhibit size-dependent optical and electronic properties. Metallic nanoparticles have fascinated scientists for more than a century, and are now heavily utilized in biomedical sciences and engineering. They are a focus of interest because of their huge potential in nanotechnology. In order to understand the nature and potential of nanoparticle forms, detailed characterization of the particle needs to be done. Various characterization techniques are available for the detailed analysis of optical, morphological, and conducting properties of nanomaterials. UV-Vis spectroscopy can be used as a simple and reliable method for monitoring the stability of nanoparticle solutions. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that nanoparticles may display a higher toxic potential than fine-sized particles of identical composition.
