ABSTRACT
This chapter presents a brief review of the use of biomaterials in devices with emphasis on developmental aspects in the field, general requirements for biomaterials in implant design, classes of biomaterials, and selected implant applications (orthopedic and dental) with focus on mechanical requirements and performance. A biomaterial or implantable device is expected to perform the desired function for the intended duration, cause no harm to the patient, and be delivered in an efficient and safe manner. The chapter focuses on the biomaterials that are used to design orthopedic devices as well as the main required tests that need to be performed prior to commercialization. It discusses Total joint replacement (TJR) systems, which include designs for total hip and knee replacement and devices employed in fracture management. Biomaterials are also employed for internal fracture fixation and stabilization as well as for bone reconstruction and replacement.
