ABSTRACT
Electromagnetic fields play an essential role in managing blood flow through capillaries. The strength of the streaming potential electromagnetic signal is proportional to the heart rate and blood pressure, and inversely proportional to the viscosity of the blood. Zeta potential (ZP) is a scientific term to capture the electrokinetic potential in colloidal dispersions such as the blood. If ZP falls too low, there is imminent danger of disseminated intravascular coagulation, a catastrophic cascade leading to a no-flow situation and multiple-organ failure. The moonlighting enzyme, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, plays the dual role of providing sulfate and nitrate to promote the continual recycling of heparan sulfate proteoglycans. Iron sulfate is exploited in the lysosomes to provide adequate reaction strength to break down the bonds in the debris, and lysosomes use the sulfate to help maintain a very low pH to assure that the reaction product is water instead of superoxide.
