ABSTRACT
The profound thrust of this chapter is concerned with the removal of heavy metal contaminants, which cause severe human health damage even when present in small concentrations, utilizing surface-active nanoparticles (NPs) with high affinity toward metallic contaminants. Here, the different metal nanoparticles useful for the removal of heavy metal contaminants in a cost-effective manner are discussed. However, the understanding of the toxic effects of synthesized/engineered nanoparticles on the biological system before being introduced into the environment is also discussed. Also, the biogenic synthesis of these metallic nanoparticles has been discussed in detail. This chapter’s objective, therefore, is to club together different aspects of nanoremediation, such as biogenic synthesis of nanoparticles, biocompatibility and toxicity, and utility for heavy metal removal resulting in feasible low-cost heavy metal– contaminated water treatment.
