ABSTRACT
Biomass waste recycling is widely adopted as a sustainable measure of managing organically rich wastes, however post-process residues (such as fermentation residue and digestate) had equally demonstrated significant richness in constituents through which more value added products (renewable energy, biogas, bio-fertilizer, compost, liquid, and solid fuel sources) are produced. The aim of this work is to provide an insight into the resourcefulness of biomass post-processing products and the treatment options available. Biochemical and thermochemical treatments and their resultant application in energy, metallurgical, agriculture, and carbon sequestration measures are discussed while the life cycle analysis of the wastes processes and products is illustrated to indicate the influence of substrate properties on treatment choice and consequently on the sustainability of the process and product.
