ABSTRACT

200Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are exogenous agents which interfere with or disrupt the normal functions of natural hormones. Most of the EDCs are synthetic chemicals; some are natural food compounds such as phytoestrogens. Humans are exposed to complex mixtures of EDCs throughout their lives, as they are emitted into the atmosphere during anthropogenic activities and physicochemical reactions in nature. Inhalation of EDCs as particulates and gaseous vapors triggers their interaction with endocrine glands and exerts several adverse effects on activities of hormone receptors. EDCs can affect endocrine function at multiple sites and through numerous specific modes of action. The EDC-induced alteration in synthesis, secretion, transportation, binding, and metabolism of natural hormones has been documented. Eventually, these alterations lead to dysregulation of homeostatic mechanisms, reproduction and development. Foods are the major sources of EDCs. Exposure to EDCs through the food web brings these toxic compounds into human exposure. The current research on EDCs is focused on study of their effects at molecular levels and to identify novel targets. Studies are also underway to test natural compounds, especially compounds with antioxidant potential for their efficacy to minimize the toxic effects of EDCs. In this contribution, we have highlighted the various toxic consequences of EDCs exposed through foods. We will also discuss various strategies which could be used to minimize health hazards to EDCs.