ABSTRACT
It is beyond debate now that the future global stabilization target is fundamental in managing climate change, impacts, and associated risks. Mainstream debate is around the nature of coordination among the national goals with global target of limiting the average temperature increase to 1.5°C or below 2°C above the pre-industrial level. The national autonomy argument in a fragmented world is dominating the process of coordination. Pledges and efforts are at the national levels. Greenhouse gas emission reduction does not automatically follow the ratification of international accords, pledges, or Nationally Determined Contributions because action must come from each individual/groups of individual residing in nation states. Alignment of national action to global goal is crucial but sub-national alignment is equally important, if not more crucial. We use examples of various mitigation actions in India across energy supply and demand sectors and adaptation efforts with mitigation potential to show that strategically managed multilevel governance structure within the national perimeter can produce better outcomes.
