ABSTRACT
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an established biomedical imaging technology that has been successfully translated from the laboratory and implemented in clinical practice. OCT provides real-time three-dimensional images of the tissue architecture depicting details that can be correlated to histological findings, without any necessity of tissue excision. OCT has found widespread clinical applications, mainly in ophthalmology because of the transparent tissue of the eye and is now a standard imaging modality for retinal imaging. The physical principle of OCT relies on a classical optical measurement technique called low-coherence interferometry, or white-light interferometry, which was first reported by Sir Isaac Newton. Interferometry is a powerful technique that detects the echo time delay and magnitude of backscattered light with high sensitivity. The sensitivity of an OCT system is defined as the ratio of the signal obtained from a perfect reflector placed at the focus to the noise of the system.
