ABSTRACT
Obesity is pandemic, representing one of the most significant public health issues for the world in history. Obesity is a condition characterized by the accumulation of excess adipose tissue. Standards to define and classify obesity require the assessment of total body adiposity. There are numerous accepted adiposity measurement systems used for directly and indirectly measuring total body fat and for screening nutritional and health status. Hydrodensitometry or underwater weighing has long been considered one of the gold standards for measuring body composition and estimating body fat. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was developed to assess body composition and improve the accuracy over the 2-C model. Body mass index (BMI) is the most popular and practical indicator for overweight and obesity classification because it is inexpensive, simple to calculate, and easy to gather weight and height via measurements or self-report. BMI remains the most popular proxy measurement for obesity surveillance and monitoring due to its affordability and simplicity.
