ABSTRACT
Carbon dioxide (CO2) dominance in the atmosphere (mainly from anthropogenic sources) over other greenhouse gases has resulted in increasing pCO2 in the surface ocean leading to measurably decreased pH (ocean acidification) (Canadell et al., 2007; Hopkins et al., 2010; Keeling and Whorf, 2005; Levine et al., 2008; Sabine and Feely, 2007). The world oceans are major natural sinks of atmospheric CO2. However, the North
Atlantic Ocean is generally regarded as a primary gate for CO2 entering the global ocean due to its subpolar climate.
