Using statistical and experimental methods, the economic and safety studies were performed by the application of nanoscale technology in the nuclear industry. This book shows a wide range of the information aspects in nuclear power plant NPPs. The main objective of the chapters was to discuss highly advanced performance in the commercial use of atomic power. Critical matters such as nuclear waste or terror-related safeguards are investigated using mathematical methods, which could give us an opportunity for objective decision making. This is expected to enhance the reliability of nanoscale technology in the nuclear industry.