ABSTRACT
Number systems provide the basis for conveying and quantifying information. Roman numerals and binary are examples of number systems that do not satisfy several characteristics for human use. While the binary system of numbers is most appropriate for use in computers, it has several disadvantages when used by humans who have become accustomed to the decimal system. A signed-magnitude number consists of a magnitude together with a symbol indicating its sign. In fixed-point representation, the radix point is assumed to lie immediately to the right of the integer field and at the left end of the fraction field. Fixed-point numbers have a range that is limited by the significant digits used to represent the number. The integer numbers are fixed-point numbers without a fraction part. Real-time controllers benefit from a microprogrammed implementation due to the speed gained by programming only the required functions, therefore avoiding the overhead of general-purpose instructions.
