ABSTRACT
Most hydraulic tunnels are important municipal projects, which include urban water supply and drainage pipes, deep water storage and draining tunnels, etc. In recent years, the upground infrastructure has become increasingly crowded since the city scale keeps expanding, and the land paving has modified the original ground feature, making water draining enormously difficult in the downtown. The super large draining tunnel is an important solution for urban waterlogging. At the same time, long-distance water supply pipes with super large diameter have also been adopted extensively. There are already dozens of large hydraulic tunnels in China, such as the Qingcaosha water supply tunnel, Bailonggang waste water drainage tunnel, North water transfer tunnel, etc. Hydraulic tunnel construction can use either the shield method or the pipe-jacking method, and it is necessary to seriously consider the load model, seam tightness and long-term service ability.
