ABSTRACT
Transport processes in biological systems are a real challenge, as they involve huge benefits in the investigation, prevention, treatment, and even optimization and design of implants, artificial organs, and testing and investigation instruments.
The biological relevance of transport processes starts right from the molecules, various cellular organs, and cells, continuing with the tissues and organs. Another very important aspect is the composition, shape, and structure of the implants and devices to be implanted.
In nature, transport happens through fluids by advection and diffusion. Mass transfer exists all around in nature and also in the human body. In reality, in the body, mass transport occurs across varied types of cell membranes under different physiological circumstance. In a complex system, mass transfer may be operated by multiple driving forces.
In the process of mass transport across a cell, there are many variable mechanisms by which a molecule can diffuses across, or can be moved by, a range of membrane proteins. Passive transport, active transport, endocytic processes, pore transport, persorption, and mass transfer models are some of the topics that will be discussed in this chapter.
