ABSTRACT
Osteogenic cells, scaffolds, growth factors (bone morphogenic proteins [BMP], transforming growth factor-ß [TGF-ß], insulin-like growth factor [IGF]-II, platelet-derived growth factor [PDGF])1 and mechanical stability are essential in bone healing.2 Although an autologous bone graft has all of these factors, it also displays various results and unpredictable resorption in several cases. In addition, the morbidity of the donor site for the harvest of autologous bone has caused practitioners to seek other methods to enhance healing using bone graft substitutes (Table 5.1).3
