ABSTRACT
This chapter explores the future perspectives of liver cancer toward personalized medicine using genomics, bioinformatics, and systems biology approaches were summarized. Liver cancer is one of major threat in public health. Estimated number of new cases and death from liver cancer was 748,300 and 695,000 worldwide in 2008, respectively. Primary liver cancer is a tumor arisen from the liver. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which originates from hepatocytes, is the most common form, accounting for 75% of liver cancer. Most liver cancer occurs in a chronically damaged liver with fibrosis. Several deregulated signaling pathways and genetic mutations accumulate in the damaged liver. Vast information on liver cancer has accumulated from genome-wide approaches, including copy number analysis, gene expression profiling, methylation profiling, and whole-genome sequencing. Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) developes to compare chromosomal differences more efficiently between solid tumor and normal tissue. Microarray technology evaluates genetic or proteomic alterations of specific cells or tissues extensively in a simultaneous manner.
