ABSTRACT
Sarcopenia has been most attenuated by treatment with many essential amino acids plus high-amount leucine. Some evidence suggests omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids to be also a potentially useful therapeutic agent for the treatment and prevention of sarcopenia. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors can increase mitochondrial numbers and insulin-like growth factor-I levels thereby helping to counter sarcopenia. Therapeutic strategies for sarcopenia like endurance exercise and creatine result in increased mitochondrial capacity in the muscle. The well-known sarcopenia-attenuating effects by endurance training may be attributable to the protection for mitochondrial disorders by the increase of proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1a amount. Supplementation with ursolic acid and Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) seems to be more intriguing candidates combating sarcopenia although systematic and fundamental research in the treatments has not been conducted even in rodent. EPA treatment decreased creatine kinase levels and attenuated myonecrosis, and reduced the levels of tumor necrosis factor-a.
