ABSTRACT
Wastes generated by our activities can be classified as solid, liquid and gaseous types which are main sources of environmental pollution. Major junk of liquid wastes is the wastewater which is water no longer needed or suitable for its most recent use and added into an effluentthat can be either returned to the water cycle with minimal environmental issues or reused. Wastewater can originate from a combination of domestic, industrial, commercial or agricultural activities, surface runoff or storm water, and from sewer inflow or infiltration. Industrial wastewater is one of the major pollution sources in the pollution of the water environment. With the Industrial Revolution many industries came up. With the rapid development of various industries large quantities of fresh water was used as a raw material. Many kinds of raw materials, intermediate products and wastes are brought into the water when water passes through the industrial process. Thus, this wastewater becomes an essential by-product of almost all industries. Therefore, this by-product wastewater was discharged into water bodies like rivers, lakes and coastal areas resulting serious pollution problems in water environment. As a result the entire eco-system and human life are badly affected. Deteriorating water quality and decrease in vegetation abundance in turn health problems are grave consequences of discharging industrial effluent into the water bodies which have resulted in growing public concern. Again rapid population growth and economic developments lead to the increased water consumption. Limited water resource demands the conservation of water for which people are compelled to treat the wastewater for re-use. Wastewater can be treated in wastewater treatment plants which include physical, chemical and biological treatment processes. Municipal wastewater is treated in sewage treatment plants (which may also be referred to as wastewater treatment plants). Agricultural wastewater may be treated in agricultural wastewater treatment processes, whereas industrial wastewater is treated in industrial wastewater treatment processes.
