ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid (rDNA) technology and describes the significance of rDNA technology. It explains DNA sequence and its methods and explores DNA microarray, DNA chips, and complementary. The making of rDNA is a multistep process, which includes isolation and insertion of the gene of interest in a specific vector. In microinjection, the DNA is injected directly into the nucleus of the cell being transformed. In biolistics, the host cells are bombarded with high-velocity microprojectiles, such as particles of gold or tungsten that have been coated with DNA. Restriction enzyme is an enzyme that cuts double-stranded or single-stranded DNA at specific recognition nucleotide sequences, known as restriction sites. These enzymes are very critical components of rDNA technology. Polymerase chain reaction has become a standard tool in forensic science because it can multiply very small samples of DNA for multiple crime lab testing.
