ABSTRACT
The problems of pre-empted, overlapping and concurrent jurisdiction over American wildlife become even more complex when we consider multiple uses and users. There are four federal acts that have major impacts on urban wildlife management: the Lacey Act of 1900, the Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918, the Animal Damage Control Act of 1931, and the Endangered Species Act of 1973. Wildlife law consists of layered jurisdictions that create challenges for wildlife managers. Wildlife laws created by county and municipal governments also must be considered when dealing with urban wildlife. Some city and county laws may not directly address wildlife but wildlife management strategies may be influenced by these laws. Tree preservation ordinances provide an example of regulations that can benefit wildlife. Weed ordinances often have the opposite effect of tree ordinances. There are two versions of modified weed laws: the setback ordinance and the natural landscape exception ordinance.
