Analysis and Fate of Metal-Based Engineered Nanoparticles in Aquatic Environments, Wetlands, and Floodplain Soils

Nanomaterials (NMs) are generally defined as particulate objects having a size between 1 and 100 nm in at least one dimension. These materials include nanofilms or nanoplates (one dimension on the nanoscale), nanofibers or nanotubes (two dimensions on the nanoscale), and nanoparticles (three dimensions on the nanoscale) (Handy et al., 2008; Batley et al., 2013).