ABSTRACT
Optimization theory has informed futuristic approaches to the design of tall buildings. These approaches help to inform optimal use and placement of materials and unique architectural solutions. These methods are appropriate for bridges and buildings and can be particularly beneficial for the design of tall buildings. Designs are usually optimized to achieve maximum stiffness where structural volume is minimized. Considerations for gravity, wind, and seismicity are all included with the optimal geometry derived from the elastic use of materials. For significant seismicity, new system elements have been developed to dissipate energy and increase ductility creating a balance of stiffness and softness. The goal of this method of approach to design is to create more sustainable structures with extended life-cycles, to lessen the impact of carbon on the environment, and to create more resilient structures. Specific design and construction examples of major international projects that consider these techniques will be presented. These projects include the 330m-tall Shenzhen Citic Tower, the 25-story 111 South Main office building, Salt Lake City, UT, the LAX Airport pedestrian bridges, Los Angeles, the 45-story Transbay Block 9 residential tower, and the 30-story 350 Mission Tower, San Francisco among others.
