ABSTRACT
This chapter explores effectiveness aspects of two governance arrangements that have been recently launched in the European Union (EU) to align nanotechnologies to requirements of the responsible research and innovation agenda. The first governance arrangement that is discussed in this chapter serves to handle occupational health and safety (OH&S) in the research, development, production and use of nanomaterials. The second focuses on the arrangements that have been put into place to address uncertainties associated with cosmetics containing certain types of nanomaterials. To cope with the regulatory challenges posed by nanotechnologies regulatory strategies have now been developed and applied in the United States (US), the EU, Australia, New Zealand and Canada. According to EU Directives, employers are obliged to care for all aspects of safety and health in the workplace according to the state of science. Regulatory governance of emerging technologies requires a broader perspective on effectiveness than rule compliance.
