ABSTRACT

Unfortunately, most children and parents receive no systematic therapy.

Violence toward children may result in the following:

● Neurological and other physical sequelae ● Educational difficulties ● Social withdrawal and avoidance; hypervigilance in males ● Chronic opposition and aggression (20%–30% develop

conduct disorder) ● Anxious and insecure attachments ● Running away from home and homelessness ● Substance abuse, depression, and suicidality ● Teenage pregnancy and poor physical health

However, 70% of abused children do not abuse their own children.4