ABSTRACT
In this chapter, we will review the relevant literature for all of these treatment modalities, with a focus on the patency rates and freedom from amputation in patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI). e analysis
is further subdivided into treatment of femoropopliteal disease and infrapopliteal disease, as the results between these groups are oen discordant. When evaluating these treatment paradigms, it is important to realize that the risk of re-intervention following endovascular treatment is relatively high compared to open surgical reconstruction, and therefore, any treatment modality that does not impair further therapeutic possibilities has increased value. For example, while stenting may oer improved primary patency compared to PTA or atherectomy alone, indwelling stents in the femoral or popliteal arteries can limit treatment options and therefore should be used prudently.
