ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses indications for, and techniques of, contrast lymphangiography. It discusses the role of computed tomography and magnetic resonance lymphangiography (MRL) in practice. Lymphatic evaluation with MRL is garnering increased interest due to its ability to visualize both lymphatic channels and lymph nodes. The role of MRL in patients with chylothorax or chylous ascites is in flux and is a source of ongoing investigation. At many institutions, MRL is performed to evaluate the cisterna chyli prior to a planned thoracic duct embolization procedure. The MRL technique depends on the indication and body part being imaged. Lymphangiectasia and lymphedema are evolving indications, and MRL is not currently a mainstay of evaluation for these patients. Lymphoscintigraphy has become quite useful in the evaluation of patients who are being considered for direct lymphatic reconstruction. Careful selection of patients and routine precautions are to the success of this invasive procedure.
