ABSTRACT
There are several photogrammetric solutions for a deformation measurement. Their usage depends on a type of deformation-there are usually dynamical and piecewise deformations. For the dynamical deformation it is necessary to take photos in very short intervals. Single photogrammetry can be used in special cases (deformation in one direction only, in 2D). If 3D measurement is necessary, measuring system must consist at least of two synchronized cameras or stereo photogrammetry which can be used as an universal method. If the deformation arises in steps, single camera system can be used (with photo-stations changing). Photogrammetrical systems were tested in many forms (Hampel, Maas, 2003). Nowadays an image-based modeling is very popular. It is simple and easy to use, it needs only a good digital camera and asoftware. A dense point cloud can be computed (e.g. Agisoft Photoscan, Insight3D, Bundler, 3DF Zephyr Pro and other) from the set of overlapped images (tens of photos), based on image correlation technology. Output is unselected set of points, often in a grid (the same as by laser scanners). This software allows you to automatically reconstruct 3D models from photos. The process is completely automatic and no coded targets, manual editing or special equipment is needed.
