ABSTRACT
This chapter provides a historical review of kilovoltage x-ray dosimetry and the development of kilovoltage x-ray dosimetry protocols. The AAPM Task Group 61 code of practice for low- and medium-energy x-rays (40 kV ≤ kVp ≤ 300 kV) is introduced. The formalisms for kilovoltage x-ray dosimetry and procedures of dosimetry calibration are described together with dosimetric considerations for kilovoltage x-ray calibration and measurement including detectors and equipment for reference dosimetry, kilovoltage x-ray beam specification, detectors and phantoms for relative dosimetry measurement, dose to medium conversion and dosimetry uncertainties. The clinical implementation of kilovoltage x-rays following the AAPM Task Group 61 code of practice is discussed including acceptance testing for detectors and equipment, clinical commissioning for dosimetry calibration systems and procedures and routine quality assurance programs for kilovoltage x-ray dosimetry and clinical applications.
