ABSTRACT
This chapter delineates the physics and functions of an emerging biomedical imaging technique named optical coherence tomography (OCT). OCT is a very versatile biomedical imaging technique. OCT technique is similar to ultrasonography in principle, but it utilizes light instead of sound waves as illuminating energy source and recording source for image generation. Thus far, its applications have been expanded to the specialty fields of ophthalmology, cardiovascular diseases, neurological diseases, gastrointestinal disorders, dental practices, as well as multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease, and mucocutaneous pathology. Some of the applications are assessment for diabetic retinopathy, coronary arterial diseases, and colorectal cancers. With its ability to penetrate 1 mm depth and its resolution as fine as 1micro meter (mm), OCT has established itself as an excellent research and clinical diagnostic tool. In addition, OCT, in conjunction with other technology, has been applied in certain interventional medical procedures. As the volumes of new medical discoveries on OCT continue to flow into the literatures, it strongly suggests that OCT will become a highly useful biomedical instrument for sometimes into the future.
