ABSTRACT
Besides biological variability, individuals differ greatly in terms of how disease affects their lives. Personalized or individualized medicine will fundamentally change the development of therapies and will explore how genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors interact to promote health or disease. Artificial intelligence and robotics will change the relationships between patients and professionals. Pulmonary rehabilitation will have to be part of an integrated approach for personalized management of patients, based on assessment of patient-centred outcomes.
