ABSTRACT
The health system in Pakistan comprises a mix of an extensive public sector of primary, secondary, and tertiary care, and quaternary teaching hospitals. There is a nominal fee for emergency services in the Primary health-care (PHC) facilities in Pakistan, the majority of Pakistanis spend out-of-pocket for health care. As a path to achieve universal health care, the federal and provincial governments in Pakistan have launched social health protection initiatives to provide financial protection for its populations. The PHC facilities focus on the prevention and management of all forms of malnutrition. Diseases like cholera, typhoid, and hepatitis are the leading causes of under-5 mortality in developing countries, including Pakistan. Pakistan is a country beset with a high burden of disease. Its public health system is fragmented and of low quality. Pakistan is ranked as a lower to middle-income country with expectations for improved health indicators.
