Surface properties of carbon materials are crucial in almost all their applications. The variety of carbons which were characterized by chromatographic techniques inspired to prepare a short collation presenting this field of activity. Inverse gas chromatography (IGC) is one of the techniques often applied in physicochemical characterization of various types of carbon materials as well as composites containing carbon fillers. IGC —a well-known and accepted technique of gas chromatography—is extensively used in the physicochemical characterization of a large variety of materials. Papirer et al. examined graphite, carbon black, and fullerene at finite concentration conditions. Programmed IGC was applied in two papers on the properties of carbon blacks. This chapter aims to focus the attention of readers on the advantages of using inverse gas chromatography in characterization of the important set of materials—various carbon materials.