ABSTRACT
This chapter presents a sampling strategy for verifying to a desired confidence that a contaminated area meets criteria of cleanliness. The approach is illustrated for the proposed excavation of soil contaminated by 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Excavation of contaminated soil and subsequent restoration are activities common to most proposed remedial actions. Using the above approach, excavation is continued until no soil removal is required in any unit at any depth. The soil will be either temporarily stored at the site or loaded immediately on trucks for transport to a suitable disposal area. Decisions concerning future soil removal are made for individual cleanup units, so that any additional soil removal proceeds unit by unit. Cleanup of hazardous waste sites presents an impressive social and technical challenge. The normality assumption should be evaluated statistically on the basis of preliminary data and data obtained during the cleanup operation.
