ABSTRACT
An analysis of various systems, with special reference to coffee rust management systems, had led to various disease management practices. In coffee rust epidemiology, the lack of such an approach has lead to various parallel and repetitive experiments. For coffee rust control two of these epidemiological principles can be applied: reduction of initial inoculum; and reduction of infection rate. The methods used in coffee-rust management to reduce initial inoculum are exclusion, eradication, chemical control, cultural practices, and vertical resistance. When coffee rust broke out in various countries in Latin America, the neighboring countries sprayed protective and/or systemic fungicides along the border to exclude the pathogen from entering and establishing in their country. Copper-based fungicides have been most effective and economical for the control of coffee rust under field conditions. The copper fungicides are by far the most commonly used protective fungicides, not only for the control of coffee rust but also for various other plant diseases.
