ABSTRACT
The urinalysis is used as a screening test to aid in the diagnosis of renal disease. As a routine screening procedure for the diagnosis of renovascular disease, the value of the intravenous pyelogram remains questionable. The intravenous pyelogram allows assessment of both renal size and configuration of the upper portion of the collecting system. The most frequent treatment of choice is an intravenous bolus of diazoxide given rapidly at a dose of 5 mg/ kg, up to 300 mg, followed 1 h later by an intravenous dose of furosemide. The echocardiogram is used not as an aid in establishing the etiology of the hypertension, but rather as an aid in the management of the hypertension. Prior to 1977, most of the data concerning the prevalence of hypertension and the mechanisms involved in the development of hypertension have centered on the adult population. The incidence of hypertension in the pediatric age group is reported to vary from 0.6 to 11%.
