Nutritional Implications of Gender Differences in Metabolism: Energy Metabolism, Human Studies

Women and men show pronounced differences in energy metabolism. On average, women have a lower energy expenditure, mainly as a result of differences in body composition, compared with men. There are indications that the regulation of energy balance, adapting energy intake to expenditure or energy expenditure to 250intake, are different between women and men as well. Hormonal and behavioral differences might play a role.