ABSTRACT
Seen from the vastness of outer space, the Earth is a very small place. So small that Carl Sagan (1997) compared the Earth to a speck of dust suspended in a sunbeam.
The universe was born after the great explosion of the Big Bang 13,700 million years ago1; the Sun and the Earth came into existence about 4500 million years ago; the first populations of the genus Homo lived on Earth 2.5 million years ago and it was not until 200,000 years ago when human beings (Homo sapiens) began to exist. This is how society was formed: it is a social system and physical infrastructure that humans have created to satisfy our collective and individual needs (Robèrt, 2010).
