ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses the magnetic resonance (MR) applications in molecular and functional imaging of cancer. Noninvasive imaging has become a powerful tool in the investigation of various disease processes, including cancer. Advances in MR, positron emission tomography, single positron emission computed tomography, ultrasound, and optical imaging techniques, as well as the development of novel imaging agents, have revolutionized our understanding of diseases. Image-guided incorporation of nano- and microdevices into tumors for slow release of therapeutic agents and gene delivery is another area of promise in cancer treatment. MR molecular imaging of cellular targets remains challenging because of the inherently low sensitivity of magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy and the low concentrations of target molecules in living cells. Tumors display abnormal physiological environments that primarily arise from the aberrant and chaotic vasculature that develops through neoangiogenesis. Human tumor xenograft models provide an important preclinical bridge to translational studies.
