Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Analysis in Water, Sediments, and Soils and Its Application in Environmental Forensics

Introduction ........................................................................................................ 172 Lifetimes .................................................................................................... 173 Henry’s Law Constant .............................................................................. 173 Anthropogenic Contributions .................................................................174 Marine Natural Sources of Halocarbons ...............................................176 Degradation and Fates ..............................................................................176

Analysis of VOCs ............................................................................................... 178 Solvent Extraction .................................................................................... 179 Head Space ................................................................................................. 179 Dynamic Head Space (Purge and Trap) ................................................ 179 Solid-Phase Microextraction (SPME) .................................................... 180 Analysis of VOCs in Different Matrices Using SPME .........................181