ABSTRACT
Recreational use of MDMA has been on the rise for the past 20 years (Peroutka, 1987; Pope, Ionescu-Pioggia, and Pope, 2001; Schuster et al., 1998). Increases in the rate of MDMA use have continued despite reductions in the use of other substances (Johnston, O’Malley, and Bachman, 2001a, 2001b). is trend has been international (Abraham et al., 1998; Hibell et al., 2000; see also Chapter 2).
