ABSTRACT

Membrane separation processes are used in a wide variety of industrial and medical applications for separation of ions, macromolecules, colloids, and cells. The most important advantages of membrane processes are their unique separation capabili-ties and ability to adapt in diversified conditions including easy scale-up. In some fields membranes are already proven technology and are incorporated in various production lines or purification processes [1–4]. Membrane technology dealing with various applications has generated businesses totaling more than one billion U.S. dollars annually [5].