ABSTRACT

The past few decades have seen profound changes in transportation systems in the United States and around the world. In the United States, and in much of the developed world, these changes have included at least the following:

• Deregulation or privatization of major modes of transportation and increasing reliance on market forces to produce an effi cient and productive transportation sector. Deregulation has affected all modes of transportation and has led to the disestablishment of much of the regulatory regime and shake-ups in the private sectors of the economy providing transportation services along with generally greater choice for consumers and users of transportation services.